The North Carolina Judicial College was founded in 2005 to expand the education and training the School of Government has provided to judicial branch officials since its founding in 1931. And expand we have! Last year we offered nearly 50 continuing education courses that provided more than 700 hours of continuing education credit. Those courses include orientation programs, classes focused on discrete topics of interest, experiential learning opportunities, skills-based training, and leadership seminars. They are offered to an array of judicial officials, including trial and appellate court judges, magistrates, and clerks of court.

In North Carolina, each county department of social services (DSS) is responsible for receiving and evaluating reports of alleged abuse, neglect, or exploitation of disabled adults. See G.S. 108A-102 and –103. These reports and the evaluations that follow them often involve highly sensitive information about vulnerable adults. From time to time, each DSS receives requests for this adult protective services (APS) information. For example, a law enforcement agency may want APS information to help solve a crime or protect a crime victim. A medical examiner may seek APS information to investigate an individual’s cause of death. A concerned family member may ask for APS information to better understand how DSS handled a deceased relative’s case. In each of these scenarios, DSS needs to understand when it is legally allowed—or even required—to release this information. This blog explores North Carolina’s laws regarding the confidentiality of APS information, including introducing a new flowchart for analyzing when state and federal laws allow APS information to be disclosed. Future blog posts in this series will provide examples of mandatory and permissive disclosures of APS information.

Assume a hearing in a juvenile abuse, neglect, or dependency (AND) matter has just concluded. The judge announced the broad strokes of their ruling from the bench.  Questions about who is responsible for drafting the order, the need to circulate the order, what happens when a draft order is received by the judge, and the effect on this process if a party appears pro se are discussed in this post. Continue Reading

Session Law 2025-16 (HB 612) was signed into law on June 26, 2025. It makes numerous changes related to child welfare, many of which are discussed by my colleague Sara DePasquale in this blog post. Section 1.17.(b) of the new law, entitled “Christal’s Law,” specifically addresses the relationship between the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS) and county departments of social services (DSS), including the extent to which NCDHHS may be held liable for the actions of a county DSS. This post focuses on those changes in the state’s oversight authority regarding each county DSS.

Dispositional orders in delinquency cases must contain “appropriate findings of fact and conclusions of law.” G.S. 7B-2512(a). What constitutes appropriate findings of fact is a question that North Carolina appellate courts have repeatedly addressed. This blog explains the requirement for findings in delinquency dispositional orders and provides examples of findings that the North Carolina Court of Appeals has found to be sufficient. Continue Reading